Occupational, visual and auditory therapies

This treatment for child autism involves trying to filter out the different sensory stimuli experienced by an autistic child in order for him or her to process the information better. This involves the use of different devices to help a child with autism focus one or more senses.

Occupational therapists specialize in assisting individuals with disabilities such as autism to learn ways to complete common and necessary tasks. In many cases, the tasks themselves and the conditions surrounding the tasks are modified to make them more manageable for the autistic. This might mean that the therapist helps to find specialized equipment to assist the autistic with communication, or teaches him or her ways to communicate without speaking. The tasks taught are relevant to the life of the autistic and the developmental stage he or she is at.

In the case of autistics, there are problems with interacting socially and communicating with others. An Occupational Therapist will first perform a thorough evaluation of the child to determine skills that are lacking or completely non-existent. The therapist will then develop a plan for overcoming the disabilities.

In addition to interaction and communication problems, autistics often suffer from sensory integration problems. An autistic can be either under-sensitive or oversensitive to sensory stimulation. He or she may feel pain when hearing noises that seem normal to non-autistics. Or, the autistic may not experience pain in the same way as non-autistics, which can lead to self-destructive behaviors.
Occupational, visual and auditory therapies
An Occupational Therapist can develop a Sensory Integration (SI) program to help the child’s central nervous system to appropriately process sensations. In developing an SI program, the therapist will focus on three key senses:

Tactile:
This system includes the nerves that send information about pain, pressure, and temperature to the brain. Signs of difficulties with the tactile system include unwillingness to be touched, refusal to eat foods of a certain texture, avoidance of substances on the hands (dirt, paints, glue, etc.), and using only the fingertips to work with objects.

Vestibular System:
The vestibular system involves the inner ear, which helps the person to be aware of movement and head position changes. Autistics with vestibular issues might be afraid of things like swinging or going down slides. Parents might notice they have difficulty learning to walk up or down stairs. Or, at the other end of the spectrum, these children might engage in high-movement activities such as spinning or jumping.

Proprioceptive System:
This is the system that enables a person to be aware of his or her body position. It is also responsible for allowing us to perform fine motor movements. Children with difficulties in this area may appear very clumsy, fall easily, hold their bodies in an unusual manner, have trouble handling small objects, and resist performing new activities.

As with any occupational therapy program, the therapist will conduct a thorough evaluation of the child prior to developing an SI program. The program will seek to enable the child to appropriately deal with sensations, which means the central nervous system must be taught to organize the input it receives and allow the child to produce an appropriate response.

In the case of vestibular system problems, the child may be placed in a swinging hammock for short periods of time to help acclimate his system.
For tactile problems, the child will be provided textured toys.
Proprioceptive problems might be overcome by providing the child small, interesting objects to manipulate in a specific manner, such as stringing beads.

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